THE INFLUENCE OF ECONOMIC FACTORS ON THE FORMATION OF UKRAINIAN MENTALITY

Анотація

The article discusses the fact that any typology of mentality can be productive provided that there is a historical approach to clarifying the features of the emergence and formation of certain types of mentalities. That is why I consider it appropriate to trace the process of formation and crystallization of economic mentality in the context of Ukraine's divisions and the external and internal traumas inflicted on it. First of all, the economic mentality is formed on an agrarian basis (orientation on land and agriculture), extensive management, and later industrialization. All this shaped the Ukrainian mentality around the value of labor, the importance of farming, a connection to the land, and a certain conservatism, as well as resourcefulness for survival in conditions of limited resources and external pressure, which influenced economic behavior. The process of the formation of economic mentality at the stage of Ancient Rus, the presence of Ukrainian lands as part of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, and their presence in the orbit of the totalitarian Bolshevik regime are analyzed. Special emphasis is placed on the peculiarities of the economic mentality after Ukraine gained independence, since in the new conditions two significant problems arose, the scale of which is difficult to overestimate. The first consisted in the lack of adequate understanding of the processes that had begun and real historical perspectives, as well as in the deep psychological and cultural unpreparedness of, if not all, then a significant part of society for change. The second problem is no less dramatic. The disappearance of large social categories from the historical arena, the withering away of cultural traditions, the destruction of generational continuity is always a tragedy. The question of the influence of ethno-confessionalism on the formation of economic mentality is raised. It is indicated that the Ukrainian mentality inherited the conservative features of agrarian culture, combining them with pragmatism and adaptability, which manifested itself in economic viability and in a certain social disunity and skepticism towards state institutions.

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