VETERANS AS AN UNTAPPED HUMAN RESOURCE IN THE LABOR MARKET DURING THE WAR AND IN THE POST-WAR PERIOD

Анотація

The article examines the underutilization of veterans as a significant reserve of human resources in Ukraine during the war and in the post-war period. Despite the fact that veterans and their family members can make up to 10% of the population, only a small proportion of employers in Ukraine implement veteran reintegration programs. The purpose of the study is to examine the potential and limitations of veteran employment in the labor market, as well as to identify tools and mechanisms of state support for effective integration. The relevance of the study lies in the urgent need to address the problem of the growing labor shortage caused by mass mobilization, displacement and migration of the population. The study uses the methods of structural and functional analysis, comparative analysis, systematization and generalization of the existing practice of human resource management. The analysis shows that traditional approaches to solving the problem of labor shortage - increasing wages, hiring unskilled personnel, automation or attracting foreign workers - have significant limitations and cannot fully compensate for the shortage of male labor. The results of the study allow us to identify veterans as a promising labor reserve, whose attraction requires institutional support, tax incentives, accessible retraining programs, and improved employment legislation. However, employers are often hesitant to hire veterans due to concerns about their physical and psychological condition, and government agencies do not have a consistent reintegration strategy. The practical value of the article lies in providing a systemic vision of veteran employment policy. It sets out recommendations for public-private partnerships, fiscal instruments, support for veteran businesses, and modernization of employment services. If implemented comprehensively, these measures will make veterans a strategic driving force for stabilizing the labor market and restoring the economy in post-war Ukraine. Attracting veterans can be a strategic resource for restoring the labor market and economy, but this requires a comprehensive state policy. Among the main areas: tax incentives for employers, a retraining system, psychological and physical rehabilitation, job quotas, improving labor legislation and increasing the efficiency of employment centers.

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