The educational component as a basis for the effective development of human capital in agricultural enterprises

Анотація

The article analyses the role and significance of the educational component as a crucial factor in the development of human capital in Ukraine’s agricultural sector. It highlights that, in the modern period, agricultural entrepreneurship in rural areas is primarily represented by agricultural cooperatives and family farms. However, the ongoing demographic crisis exacerbates the issue of attracting and retaining human capital in rural communities. The authors examine the theoretical aspects of the role and impact of education on the efficiency of human capital development. A critical review of international and domestic academic literature was conducted using content analysis, revealing that, in many cases, the low quality of human capital in agriculture worldwide is primarily due to inadequate educational attainment. Employment levels across various economic sectors are assessed using indicators such as formal and informal sector employment. The article analyses the employment structure based on job types and educational levels, emphasizing that a significant portion of workers lacking relevant qualifications are unable to secure formal employment. Meanwhile, another segment of the workforce, possessing necessary skills and professional experience, often opts for unregistered employment, thereby forfeiting access to social benefits and protections provided through official employment. The study examines key trends in employment levels concerning educational attainment, focusing on rural areas. A comparative analysis of employment structures based on education levels in Ukraine and its rural regions was conducted. The authors conclude that preserving human capital in the agricultural sector is directly linked to acquiring specific educational and professional qualifications, which can facilitate the adoption of new agricultural professions. This, in turn, generates income for rural households and enhances labour motivation and employment opportunities in rural communities

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