Evolution of the Development of the Ukrainian Pattern of Dual Higher Education

Анотація

This study explores the historical evolution and current development of the dual education system in Ukraine, emphasising its integration into vocational and higher education through comparative analysis with the German model. While dual education only entered Ukrainian academic discourse after 2010 ‒ coinciding with intensified European integration ‒ formal initiatives began in 2013–2014 with support from international organisations, notably the Friedrich Ebert Foundation. This study examines various international models of dual education, such as the German “dual system”, and explores how these concepts are implemented in Ukraine. It highlights the terminology used in the field, such as “dual education”, “work-based learning”, and “apprenticeships”, and their integration into Ukrainian legislation. Through an analysis of existing literature and Google Trends data, this paper demonstrates the growing recognition of dual education as a strategy to enhance workforce qualifications in cooperation with employers. The paper outlines five key historical stages of vocational education in Ukraine, from the “master-apprentice” model to post-independence reforms shaped by market economy principles. It highlights the legislative and institutional foundations laid since 1991, culminating in formal recognition of the dual form of education within Ukrainian law and its pilot implementation in vocational and higher education institutions from 2019. Key challenges addressed include outdated infrastructure, weak labour market alignment, and underdeveloped public-private cooperation. The study argues that, unlike the sequential evolution seen in Germany, Ukraine’s dual education management system has developed in parallel across educational levels, driven by both internal reform and external collaboration.

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