INVESTMENT RISKS AND INVESTMENT PROCESSES IN UKRAINE IN ТERMS OF ECONOMIC ACTIVITY TYPES

Анотація

The article is devoted to the problems of assessment and modeling of investment processes in terms of economic activity types. The article determines that the development of state investment activity as an economic category is characterized by certain degrees of uncertainty and risk. In addition, investment risks and the influence of their factors on the development of the economic system are characterized. It is emphasized that investment risks can be interpreted as the probability of not receiving investment profits, social effects of investments, failure to achieve planned investment goals. Obviously, the investment risks of the economic system are influenced by a number of external and internal factors. The authors indicated that among the external factors, if the economic system is considered at the micro level, are an unbalanced market, an unstable market situation, an increase in the level of inflation, unpredictable actions of economic counterparties, a decrease in the welfare of the population, an increase in unemployment, various force majeure circumstances, political and economic crises, military actions in country, etc. Among the internal – unqualified staff, dishonesty of management, low level of productivity and others. It is also stated that risk is an integral component of any sphere of economic activity. Therefore, it is extremely important to take into account risks in investment activities, as every investor seeks to minimize them, reduce the level of potential losses, take into account various factors influencing investment processes, etc. The research also analyzed the dynamics of capital investments in Ukraine for 2010–2020, calculated indicators of the dynamics of capital investments in Ukraine such as absolute growth, growth rate, growth rate, etc. The model of averaging indicators over time was also used. The research selected the types of economic activity that are the most important both in wartime and in peacetime: agriculture, forestry and fishing, industry, construction, transport, warehousing, postal and courier activities, food and beverage provision activities, information and telecommunications, financial and insurance activities, public administration and defense; compulsory social insurance. The profitability indicator is also used to assess investment risks. Therefore, the profitability of economic activities was evaluated. Special attention is focused on the systematization of information on investment processes in Ukraine in the form of tables and visualization of data on investment activity.

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