PREREQUISITES AND IMPACT OF ENTERPRISES PATENT ACTIVITY ON THE UKRAINIAN ECONOMY DURING THE WAR

Анотація

This article examines the conceptual foundations, prerequisites and impact of enterprises’ patent activity on the Ukrainian economy during the war. It analyses the nature and main prerequisites of enterprises’ patent activity, in particular the acquisition of new intangible assets through obtaining patents for inventions, utility models and industrial designs; the safeguarding of intellectual property; the production of innovative products; the creation of new competitive advantages in the market; and the extraction of added value from the market through the sale of innovative products. It has been demonstrated that the patenting of inventions, industrial designs and utility models grants enterprises exclusive rights to new technical solutions, the implementation of which in economic activity enables the technological modernisation of production, as well as the generation of economic profit through the creation and sale of innovative products with new consumer characteristics capable of meeting new consumer needs, thereby giving companies an edge over their competitors in today’s globalised commodity markets. The current state and dynamics of enterprises’ patent activity in Ukraine during the pre-war period and during the full-scale war have been examined. It was found that Russia’s full-scale invasion of Ukraine led to a sharp decline in patent activity; in particular, the number of registrations of inventions and utility models fell by 52.4 per cent, from 3,423 to 1,628, during 2022. he main barriers to the growth of enterprises’ patent activity in a wartime environment have been identified, in particular macroeconomic instability, which is forcing businesses to adopt ‘cautious’ investment strategies, focusing on survival; a deterioration in the investment climate, which makes it difficult to attract external investment into projects for the commercialisation of patent rights; an objective lack of opportunities for broad state support for innovative enterprises in Ukraine given the budget deficit; and the absence of a developed securities market, which makes it very difficult to raise funds to finance patent-related activities. It has been demonstrated that even in the face of these challenges, the active commercialisation of patent-protected inventions can provide Ukraine with the conditions to create new jobs, fully realise its innovative potential, modernise production, and establish the manufacture of state-of-the-art products with new quality characteristics capable of ensuring a competitive position for domestic companies in global commodity markets.

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