ECONOMIC ESSENCE OF FINANCIAL STATEMENTS, METHODS OF ITS PREPARATION AND AUDIT

Анотація

The article investigates theoretical and methodological approaches to defining the essence of financial reporting, its purpose and definition in the economic literature. In Ukraine, financial statements are defining as a system of interrelated generalized indicators that characterize the financial condition of the enterprise at a certain date and the results of its activities for the reporting period. Preparation of financial statements is basing on the accounting of the enterprise. Information from the financial statements is the main sources of information for the analysis of the financial condition of the enterprise, and the forms of financial statements are the objects of research during the audit, forensic economic examinations, etc. It is on the bossing of financial statements can be considered in detail and assess the financial condition of the enterprise, and accordingly make informed management decisions. The concept of “financial reporting” is forming, which is taking into account the characteristics of various economic entities, both legal entities and individuals. The results of the study made it possible to summarize the results of the study and to classify the main users of financial statements based on their information needs. The basic normative-legal provision and state regulation of financial reporting in Ukraine are defined and systematized. It is establishing that the purpose of accounting and financial reporting is to provide users for decision-making complete, truthful and unbiased information about the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the enterprise. It established that the results of the audit of financial statements assess the actual state of the economy and explore the prospects for growth of business activity to improve the efficiency of economic activity. The audit of financial statements in times of crisis complicated by the desire of companies to hide the negative impact of certain business transactions and their consequences on the financial condition and performance of the company, which poses a threat of unreliability of financial statements. The study identified the peculiarities of the formation of financial statements in times of crisis and systematized crisis markers that allow you to focus as compilers and users of financial statements on the main caveats caused by the crisis.

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