Multiple citizenship: international experience and implementation in Ukraine (economic, political and security aspects)

Анотація

The article is dedicated to the study of issues related to multiple citizenship in the context of international law and security. In the current conditions of increasing globalization, the regulation of multiple citizenship is becoming ever more relevant, particularly in terms of national security and state sovereignty. The article examines key challenges associated with the involvement of individuals with multiple citizenship in armed forces during military conflicts, potential conflicts of interest that may arise in such cases, and the risks of other states interfering in internal affairs under the pretext of protecting the rights of their citizens. Special attention is given to the analysis of legal practices for the protection of citizens in cases of multiple citizenship, specifically through the lens of the “effective citizenship” concept formulated by the International Court of Justice in the „Notteboom“ case. The article also explores the economic aspects of multiple citizenship, including issues of double taxation and possible ways to resolve these issues through international agreements. Based on an analysis of national and international legal systems, the authors conclude that there is a need to improve legal regulation of citizenship to avoid legal conflicts and ensure a stable political situation in the context of globalization. Particular attention is given to aspects of state sovereignty, which are increasingly under threat due to the growing number of individuals with multiple citizenships. The article offers recommendations to enhance international legal regulation to protect state sovereignty and the rights of individuals with multiple citizenship in the face of modern global challenges. In the context of martial law, the issue of maintaining ties with the Ukrainian diaspora around the world and preserving social capital is examined. Emphasis is placed on multiple citizenship, which is often seen as a result of conflicts between the laws of different countries. One of the risks to national security, both for the state of residence and the state of origin, is the issue of preserving state secrets and ensuring the inviolability of borders for individuals with multiple citizenships. To maintain close contact with Ukrainian refugees, the host countries and Ukraine must cooperate to strengthen financial ties, promote the reduction of remittance costs, and prevent double taxation. The need for effective cooperation between Ukraine and other states to create a legal framework for legal migration and cross-border mobility of Ukrainians after the war is substantiated. It has been proven that for the sake of security, control over migration processes, and post-war reconstruction after the Russia-Ukraine war, the legalization of multiple citizenship in Ukraine is the optimal step.

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