Features of the financing of public organizations in Ukraine: a cross-section analysis of foreign experience

Анотація

Introduction. The paper analyzes the financing system of public organizations (POs) in Ukraine, taking into account foreign experience. The current state of POs financing in Ukraine was studied, the main problems and obstacles faced by organizations, in particular in war conditions, were identified. The purpose of the paper is to review and analyze the best practices of financing POs in other countries with the aim of formulating recommendations for improving the system of financial support of such organizations in Ukraine. Results. Among the important problems of POs financing, the following need special attention: dependence on external sources, insufficient transparency and openness of POs financial reporting, difficult access to financing of small and new POs, reduction of funding for a number of social programs and projects due to the war, significant administrative and organizational costs, etc. The state policy regarding the financing of POs in European practice is determined by the state's attitude to the third sector as an equal partner and an important factor in the development of society. Today, a number of authors distinguish a conditional classification of countries according to the level of state financial support of POs: the continental model (state funding accounts for about 55-75% of POs revenues), the anglo-saxon model (state funding 35-55%), the scandinavian model (the level of state funding of POs 25-35%), the model of the Mediterranean countries and most of the countries of Central and Eastern Europe (characterized by a rather low level of state funding). Today, there is a need to use new approaches to financing POs within the limits of current legislation. Foreign experience can be useful here. Among the main financing mechanisms of civil society initiatives, which are mostly implemented through the activities of POs and used in global practice, it is worth highlighting endowment, fundraising, interest philanthropy and social investments (venture philanthropy), etc. Conclusion. As a result, the following ways are identified that can contribute to the improvement of the financing system of POs in Ukraine, in particular in war conditions: diversification of funding sources, increasing the transparency of POs activities, development of self-regulation mechanisms, support for organizational development, development of grant support mechanisms, and improvement of financial literacy in society.

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