Ecological and economic model of optimization of sustainable development of the region

Анотація

It has been established that with the increase in anthropogenic load on the environment and the aggravation of environmental problems that threaten the sustainable development of the region, mathematical models that allow describing and analyzing complex relationships between economic activity and the state of the environment are of particular importance in the development and scientific research. Such ecological and economic models are a tool for finding optimal production and environmental management strategies aimed at balancing the economic and environmental interests of society. It has been determined that modern regional management to ensure its effectiveness and environmentally safe functioning of the agricultural sector should be based on the following principles: goal-setting, selection, systematicity, efficiency, subordination (hierarchy), equality, dynamism, flexibility, compliance and observability (measurable). Substantiation of sustainable socio-economic development of the region can be carried out on the basis of methods of ecological and economic modeling. When developing the model, organizational, economic, technological and social factors are taken into account. The most important component of the ecological and economic model is agricultural production. An ecological and economic model of sustainable socio-economic development of the region has been developed based on mathematical modeling methods, which is based on an optimization economic and mathematical model and includes the following stages: formulation of an economic and mathematical problem and justification of the optimality criterion; development of a structural economic and mathematical model; justification of initial information about the problem; development of a detailed economic and mathematical model; problem solving and analysis of the results obtained; adaptation of the optimal solution, obtaining final results and implementing them in the economic, ecological and social development of the region. Model calculations based on an analysis of the probability of possible combinations of alternation of years with different weather conditions, as well as the frequency of their occurrence, speak in favor of creating stabilization and transfer food reserves, both in favorable and average weather years.

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