Investment attractiveness of artificial intelligence agents: global trends and prospects for Ukrainian business

Анотація

The investment attractiveness of artificial intelligence agents was examined as a new class of autonomous systems capable of independent decision-making and performing complex business tasks. The purpose of the study was to assess the economic potential of AI agents based on the analysis of global market dynamics, data from international corporate surveys, and prospects for implementation in the Ukrainian economy. To achieve this purpose, the structure and volumes of investment in the AI agents segment during 2020–2026 were analysed, the results of three large-scale executive surveys (McKinsey, PwC, BCG) on the return on investment in artificial intelligence were systematised, the state of the Ukrainian AI ecosystem was assessed using international rankings, and barriers to scaling agent technologies at the global and national levels were identified. The methodological basis comprised a systematic analysis of scientific literature and empirical data from five international reports of 2025–2026. It was established that the AI agents market was growing at a compound annual growth rate of 45–50%, yet a structural gap existed between the mass adoption of the technology (88% of enterprises) and its full integration into business processes (6% of organisations). A productivity paradox was identified: at the micro level, efficiency increased by 15–40%, whereas the macroeconomic effect remained moderate – no more than 0.66% of total factor productivity growth per decade. It was demonstrated that Ukraine, having risen 14 positions in the Global AI Readiness Index (40th place among 195 countries), was forming a competitive ecosystem with over 240 companies and 5,200 specialists, yet faced a shortage of qualified personnel and limited access to venture capital. Three priority sectors for the deployment of AI agents in Ukraine were identified: IT outsourcing, agriculture, and defence. The results may be used in substantiating investment decisions and formulating state digitalisation policy with due consideration of wartime conditions.

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