Study of the operating environment of agricultural enterprises of Ukraine under current conditions

Анотація

Introduction. It is substantiated that the external operating environment of agricultural enterprises has become more complex, which has led to a deepening gap between high-tech farms that implement innovative production technologies and digital tools, and medium- and small-scale agricultural enterprises that, due to limited resources, are forced to simplify technologies. It is argued that in the short term, the activities of agricultural enterprises will be negatively affected by the continuation of hostilities, complicated logistics, intensified climate anomalies, growing shortages of qualified labor and capital, and the high market power of suppliers of material and technical resources and buyers of agricultural products. These factors are compounded by the low readiness of agricultural producers to adapt to European regulatory requirements of the EU, which necessitates further research into the operating environment of agricultural enterprises. Purpose. The purpose of the article is to generalize methodological approaches to studying the operating environment of agricultural enterprises and to substantiate the direction of influence of its main factors in order to form information and analytical support for the anti-crisis management system. Method (methodology). The study employs PESTEL analysis to systematize and analyze macro-environmental factors affecting the resilience of agricultural enterprises; methods of economic and statistical analysis to assess the current state of agricultural enterprises; abstract-logical and monographic methods for theoretical generalization and formulation of conclusions; and methods of system analysis, deduction, and induction to substantiate short-term development scenarios for agricultural enterprises. Results. It is established that the operating environment of agricultural enterprises is highly risky, and its analysis is advisable through a combined application of SWOT and PESTEL methods. It is concluded that this methodological approach makes it possible to identify positive and negative external environmental impacts on agricultural enterprises, on the basis of which the anti-crisis management system can promptly adopt rational managerial decisions aimed at restoring enterprise resilience. Scenarios for the development of the external operating environment of agricultural enterprises are substantiated, and the vectors of its influence on enterprise activities are identified. Based on this, a set of measures to mitigate and neutralize threats is proposed. The necessity for management systems of agricultural enterprises, under different macro-environmental development scenarios, to implement proactive risk management is justified. This includes diversification of product portfolios and sales channels, establishment of agricultural raw material processing capacities, use of financial instruments (forward contracts) to fix prices for products and resources, development of cooperation among small agricultural enterprises, and investment in digital technologies.

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