Assessment of the Activity of National Models of Tourism Development in Central-Eastern European Countries

Анотація

Introduction. In the context of the European integration course of Ukraine, the study of the European experience in the development of the tourism industry became especially relevant. Of particular interest is the experience of post-communist countries of Central and Eastern Europe, which have very close to Ukrainian geopolitical, natural, demographic, socio-economic, cultural conditions.
\nPurpose. The purpose of the article is to study models of tourism development and the formation of national tourism policy in the countries of Central and Eastern Europe and the possibilities of using foreign experience in Ukraine to stimulate the development of tourism.
\nThe peculiarities of tourism development in some European countries, including the Czech Republic, Slovakia, Hungary, Poland and Bulgaria, regarding the formation of national tourism development policy were considered. The indicators of international and domestic tourism in these countries (arrivals, departures, tourism revenues, tourism expenditures; share of the population involved in international and domestic tourism) were estimated. The dynamics of the Travel and Tourism Competitiveness Index for these countries had been analyzed. The authorizations of state authorities to regulate the tourism sphere were analyzed. The marketing aspects of positioning and promotion of the national tourism product are considered, effective means of promotion in the international tourism market are identified.
\nConclusions. Study of foreign experience in the regulation and development of tourism in Poland, Hungary and the Czech Republic was showed that the tourism policy of both countries proved to be quite effective. The main components of the tourism policies of the studied countries were state participation and development of tourism support programs, financial support programs, development of tourist infrastructure, measures to support the image of countries, participation in pan-European tourist events. With regard to Slovakia and Bulgaria, international tourism has significantly lower efficiency rates than other European countries.
\nOn the basis of foreign models of state regulation of tourism development, it was proposed to introduce approaches to improve tourism management in Ukraine and intensify the development of domestic and inbound tourism.

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