THE ORIGIN OF THE UKRAINIAN PUBLIC MOVEMENT IN BUKOVINA IN THE 60S OF THE 19th CENTURY

Анотація

Aim of investigation. The article highlights the preconditions and peculi- arities of the birth of the Ukrainian public movement of Bukovina in the 60s of the 19th century. The research methodology is based on the general scientific (analysis, synthesis, systematization, gen- eralization), as well as special-historical (synchronous, compara- tive-historical and historical-genetic) methods. Scientific novelty. This article is the first comprehensive study of the origin of the Ukrainian public movement in Bukovina in the 60s of the 19th century in Ukrainian historical science. Conclusions. The reasons for the backwardness of the Bukovinian Ukrainians in terms of creating of the national movement organizational centers, from Galicia and the Dnieper Ukraine, were: the lack of strong ties with other Ukrainian lands, where the revival had begun earlier; the conducting of assimilation policy by Romanian circles; the nega- tive attitude of the Austrian authorities to the manifestations of national life; the lack of religious separation of the majority of the Ukrainian population from the Romanian one; the low national consciousness of Bukovinian Ukrainians. The author also identi- fied the preconditions of the emergence of the Ukrainian public movement in Bukovina, namely: the providing a legal basis for the functioning of public organizations through the legislation liberali- zation in the Austro-Hungarian Empire; intensification of national life in Galicia; the dissemination of national ideas and literature from the Dnieper Ukraine; the appearance of prominent cultural figures in Bukovina; the reaction of the Ukrainians of the region on the Romanians national revival and their struggle for the separation of Bukovina from Galicia in 1860-1861; the religious struggle between the Romanians and the Ukrainians; the rise of various societies and organizations in the region; the readiness of Ukraini- an local intelligentsia to create their own center in the late 60s of the 19th century.

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