COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE IT INDUSTRY STATE REGULATION IN CENTRAL AND EASTERN EUROPEAN COUNTRIES

Анотація

The article examines the various approaches to regulating the IT sector across the countries in this region. It highlights the role of government policies in promoting the development of the digital economy, attracting investments, and fostering innovation. A key focus is placed on how Central and Eastern European (CEE) countries differ in their regulatory frameworks and the effectiveness of these frameworks in supporting IT sector growth. The study explores the impact of EU integration on IT policies, with particular emphasis on harmonizing regulations and compliance with EU standards such as the General Data Protection Regulation. Additionally, the article assesses how countries like Ukraine, Poland, the Czech Republic, and Romania have implemented strategies to enhance competitiveness, increase exports, and support research and development (R&D) in the IT industry. Moreover, the article highlights the importance of government incentives, including tax benefits and the establishment of technology parks, in encouraging foreign direct investment and innovation-driven entrepreneurship. The comparative analysis also points out the challenges that CEE countries face, such as aligning national regulations with European standards, improving digital infrastructure, and ensuring cybersecurity. The article concludes that while many CEE countries have made significant strides in fostering the IT industry through government support, the varying degrees of policy success reflect the complexity of balancing national interests with European integration goals. Future improvements in regulatory frameworks and increased regional cooperation are suggested as potential avenues for enhancing the global competitiveness of the region's IT sector. The comparison results indicate significant differences in regulatory approaches that affect the development of countries in the global digital space. Prospects and challenges for Ukraine in adapting the best practices of regulating the IT industry are considered. Keywords : state regulation, IT industry, Central and Eastern Europe, tax policy, innovation, digital infrastructure, comparative analysis, startups, technology clusters.

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