КРИТЕРІЇ ВИЗНАЧЕННЯ ВИСОКОПРОДУКТИВНИХ РОБОЧИХ МІСЦЬ НА ВІТЧИЗНЯНИХ ПІДПРИЄМСТВАХ

Анотація

Entrepreneurship plays a conceptually important role in economic growth, as it creates new businesses and expands existing ones. New enterprises create jobs, and an increase in jobs means an increase in income, which affects final and intermediate consumption, which stimulates the demand for goods and services. This increased demand, combined with an increase in the supply of goods and services, contributes to economic growth and creates a virtuous cycle of economic development. Although the process of job creation itself is positive, not all types of jobs are appropriate and important in the post-war reconstruction of Ukraine, but only those that embody an innovative and highly productive nature, high wages, etc. Therefore, it is relevant to determine the criteria by which the state and enterprises should form jobs as highly productive. The purpose of the article is to determine the methodological concepts of job creation in the economy of Ukraine, namely, a system of criteria by which jobs should be classified as highly productive for the purpose of their use in economic policy in the post-war reconstruction of the country. The object of the study is the criterion characteristics of jobs at manufacturing enterprises. The methodological basis and information base of the study are current theoretical and applied research. The article uses a number of methods, including analysis, synthesis, comparison and generalization. The main hypothesis of the study was the assumption that the pace and quality of economic growth depend on the type of jobs, namely highly productive ones, because they are the key to the sustainable development of socio-economic processes. Presentation of the main material. The article provides a definition of the concept of a job, including a highly productive one. A comparative characteristic of old and new jobs is carried out. The main differences between the two production paradigms are shown. The authors propose to distinguish between the concepts of “employee productivity” and “workplace productivity”. It is emphasized that the reproduction of low-quality jobs leads to the inhibition of the country's economic recovery and emphasizes that the creation of high-quality jobs is a key condition for economic growth and competitiveness. The characteristics of “jobs that contribute most to development” proclaimed by European economic policy are given. A system of signs of highly productive jobs in the economy is developed. The article substantiates a system of criteria for determining highly productive jobs at manufacturing enterprises, which include both economic and social, as well as investment and innovation-technological, which forms the basis for managing the process of creating highly productive jobs at manufacturing enterprises. Originality and practical significance are due to the justification of the system of criteria for highly productive jobs, i.e. indicators that quantitatively and qualitatively characterize the type of jobs, which is the basis for managing the process of creating jobs. Conclusions. Without the creation of highly productive jobs by manufacturing enterprises, it is impossible to achieve high growth rates in industrial sectors. The use of the proposed system of criteria is important in developing economic policy during the reconstruction of the economy after the war. Modern conditions require the maximum expansion of the scope of application of the system of criteria for creating highly productive places at both the macro and micro levels

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