Generational differences in social situation perception

Анотація

The article provides an intergenerational comparison of the individuals’ position in the social structure and their attitudes to the social situation. Additionally, associations between these parameters were identified. Four subsamples which represented four generations (post-war, transitional, perestroika time and post-Soviet) selected from joint data set of the Ukrainian Society sociological survey conducted by the Institute of Sociology of the NAS of Ukraine in 2018–2021. The generations were born during the period of significant events in Ukrainian history. Four kinds of indicators of the attitudes to the social situation were distinguished (perception of the state of society, orientations of individuals toward a model of social order, satisfaction with their position and the individuals’ social dysfunctions imagery). Moreover, two typologies were constructed (overall satisfaction with status and general orientation towards a model of social order). Indicators of the individual social position were as follows: educational level, family income, qualifications and spatial mobility. There were some generational differences in the distributions of individuals along the main stratification hierarchies, as well in their satisfaction with their life and social status. At the same time, perception of the state of society, orientation towards a model of social order, and individuals’ social dysfunctions imagery had slight differences among generational cohorts. Structural differences in the above attitudes were not very significant. The weakest structural effects on attitudes toward the state of society have been noted for the post-war generation.

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