CURRENT TRENDS IN FISCAL POLICY DEVELOPMENT IN UKRAINE: THEORY, METHODOLOGY, PRACTICE

Анотація

The work investigates the modern directions of the development of fiscal policy from the standpoint of theory, methodology, practice. It systemizes scientific approaches to the economic essence and the author's definition of fiscal policy characterized by a set of state measures to implement the concept of fiscal regulation of economic entities, providing revenue generation and financing of budget expenditures at all levels for sustainable socio-economic development. Further development of theoretical and methodological principles allowed to substantiate the conceptual basis of modern fiscal policy in ensuring socio-economic development of the state: subjects, objects, types of fiscal policy, functions, goals, objectives, principles, criteria, a fiscal mechanism (methods, levers, incentives, forms, tools, sanctions). The factors influencing the implementation of fiscal policy in Ukraine were systematized, i.e. economic, social, institutional, informational, gender, cultural, and spiritual. The work widely discloses information tools of digitalization, which allows the implementation of fiscal policy in Ukraine on the principles of transparency and digitalization. Despite the positive trends in the system of formation of state budget expenditures related to budget financing in priority areas of development, the analysis of the interdependence of fiscal policy and economic growth identifies current threats to the effectiveness of its implementation, including fiscal risks arising from under-execution of revenues, expenditures of the State budget, high level of budget deficit and public debt. Fiscal risks for the analyzed period ranged from 0.64% to 0.11% of GDP. Improving Ukraine’s fiscal policy in modern conditions should be aimed at building a modern competitive socially-oriented market economy integrated into the EU, increasing aggregate tax revenues to all levels of budgets and state trust funds; conducting a balanced fiscal policy in the medium term. The paper emphasizes that the risk management system, used to assess fiscal risks in the budget process, should be integrated into the modern concept of fiscal policy, and the improvement of methodological tools should focus on the increase of the effectiveness of fiscal policy in ensuring financial and economic security.

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