CURRENT PROBLEMS OF LIFTING SANCTIONS IMPOSED ON LEGAL ENTITIES

Анотація

Aim. The aim of this study is an in-depth analysis of the effectiveness and consequences of the application of sanctions in international relations, aimed at studying the reaction to the actions of the russian federation in the context of a full-scale armed conflict on the territory of Ukraine, which began on February 24, 2022. Special attention is paid to interaction with legal entities affected by sanctions. Materials and methods. Our approach is based on a systematic analysis of the internal legislation of Ukraine regarding sanctions: the Law of Ukraine "On Sanctions" and other normative legal acts. In parallel, the European Convention on the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms (ECHR), as well as statistical data on their application, is studied. To achieve the goals of the work, general scientific and special methods of scientific knowledge are used. According to the current legislation of Ukraine, sanctions against legal entities are established in order to comply with obligations at the international level. The Law of Ukraine "On Sanctions" defines specific legal principles and procedures for the application of sanctions. At the same time, within the framework of international relations, Ukraine recognizes and adheres to conventions that regulate sanctions and their cancellation. The European Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms (ECHR) forms the basis for the protection of the rights and freedoms of citizens in the context of the application of sanctions. Results. In the course of the study, it was established that the response to acute geopolitical conflicts leads to an increase in the number of sanctions. It was also found out that there is an objective need for a deep theoretical study of the problems of cancellation criteria and the risks of repeated financing of military operations over time. Conclusions. The conclusions indicate the need for unified approaches to sanctions and their cancellation at the international level. Particular attention is paid to the issue of principles that should be enshrined in legislation: the need to increase transparency and regulate the procedure for the introduction of sanctions, optimization of the procedure for consideration of cases on the cancellation of sanctions, etc. It is recommended to establish clear criteria for lifting sanctions and create a special commission to objectively assess the fulfilment of conditions.

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