Metallurgical industry of Ukraine in the context of sustainable competitiveness and post-war reconstruction

Анотація

Introduction. Ukraine's steel industry has always been one of the country's main economic sectors, making a significant contribution to the country's GDP and generating up to 30% of export earnings. Its strategic importance is reinforced by the dependence of the regions on the operation of metallurgical enterprises. However, the war has had a significant impact on the sector, causing a decline in production capacity, destruction of critical infrastructure, and restricted access to international markets. This poses a unique challenge to preserve the industry, adapt it to current conditions and further integrate it into the European economy. Purpose. The purpose of the article is to study the impact of military operations on the metallurgical industry of Ukraine, to identify the main challenges and opportunities for its sustainable recovery. Particular attention is paid to the analysis of ways to adapt enterprises to modern realities, prospects for integration into European markets and the introduction of environmentally friendly technologies into the production process. An important aspect is also the assessment of the socio-economic impact of metallurgy on the regions that depend on this industry. Method (methodology). To achieve this goal, a comprehensive approach was used, including the analysis of statistical data on steel, iron and rolled products, collected from the official reports of Ukrmetallurgprom and the World Steel Association. Comparative analysis methods were used to assess changes in the structure of exports and production volumes, as well as expert assessments of the impact of EU environmental standards on the industry. Logistics solutions, including the reorientation of export flows through the Danube ports and western borders, are investigated. Results. The results showed that due to the war, steel production in 2023 decreased by more than 70% compared to pre-war levels. Instead, the companies were able to partially adapt by introducing new logistics routes, optimizing resource use, and modernizing equipment. In particular, Zaporizhstal maintained production at 50% of pre-war levels due to its quick response and use of local resources. It is determined that the sustainable development of the industry requires the introduction of green technologies that meet European standards, as well as the attraction of international investment. The prospects for the development of the industry are associated with the creation of a competitive, environmentally friendly metallurgy that can become a driver of Ukraine's economic recovery.

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