The Belt and Road Initiative as a geostrategy of China in the 21 century

Анотація

The article is devoted to the analysis of the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) as a key element of China’s geostrategy in the 21 century. The study examines how China’s strategic thinking, based on its geopolitical position, economic potential, and official policy documents, has shaped a comprehensive approach to expanding its global influence. Particular attention is paid to the historical background of the Initiative, as well as its conceptual and theoretical foundations. The article analyzes the views of leading scholars of China, Ukraine, Great Britain, the USA and other countries in order to better understand the nature of the Chinese geostrategy ‘The Belt and Road Initiative’ and its role in modern international relations as of one of the major powers in interational system and the only competitor of the US in the struggle for global leadership in it. Special emphasis is put on the use of infrastructure development, trade routes, and connectivity as instruments of geopolitical influence and competitiveness in global geopolitics. The research highlights both the advantages and challenges of the Initiative, including its impact on economic development, political relations, and global stability. Also the implementation of various infrastructural projects of China all around the World in different regions and continents have been studied within the practical realization of ‘The Belt and Road Initiative’ geostrategy, as well as its influence on its status of Global Superpower in the international system. A special attention is paid to the study of how Russian full-scaled invasion to Ukraine influenced the infrastructure projects of The Belt and Road Initiative in which Ukraine was involved before the beginning of Russian aggression against Ukraine in 2014, as well as on bilateral relations between China and Russia. It was concluded that cooperation between China and Ukraine within the Belt and Road Initiative has evolved since then from a promising strategic partnership into a constrained and largely suspended engagement. The study concludes that the Belt and Road Initiative has become a central component of China’s geostrategy, significantly transforming international relations China’s role in global geopolitics, at the same time reshaping global power dynamics, significantly increasing the struggle of China for global leadership with the US.

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