Conjuncture of regional labour markets in Ukraine: the educational and qualification dimension

Анотація

The aim of the article is to assess the conjuncture of regional labour markets in Ukraine based on the analysis of the correspondence between the structure of labour demand and supply and the identification of spatial patterns of mismatch. The article analyses the structure of labour demand and supply in terms of educational and qualification characteristics, examines the role of the educational pipeline in reproducing imbalances, and evaluates spatial differentiation of the labour market using the example of the largest cities in Ukraine. The analysis is based on a system of indicators, including the Structural Mismatch Index, the Regional Labour Market Tightness Index, and the Integrated Mismatch Index. The empirical base is formed through the integration of data from the State Statistics Service of Ukraine, the State Employment Service, Work.ua analytics, as well as materials from international organizations and government documents. The results show that labour demand is concentrated in applied, technical, and production-related competencies, while labour supply is largely formed by individuals with higher education. The calculated structural mismatch index indicates a stable but moderate imbalance. It is demonstrated that the educational and qualification mismatch has a reproductive nature and is reinforced by the inertia of the education system and the low willingness of the population to reskill. A pronounced spatial differentiation of the labour market is identified, and a typology of regional labour markets is proposed. It is established that a decrease in labour market tightness is associated with an increase in mismatch. The study concludes that the Ukrainian labour market operates under conditions of spatially and structurally differentiated skill shortages, requiring better alignment between the education system, employment policy, and regional recovery.

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