The rural women’s segment of the defense epic on the territory of Ukraine in the first period of the GermanSoviet war of 1941 – 1945

Анотація

Purpose. The goal is a generalized analysis of the rural women’s segment of thedefense epic on the territory of Ukraine during the first period of the German-Soviet war 1941-1945, an assessment of the role of rural women in ensuring the functioning of the agrarian sphere ofthe republic’s economy in extremely difficult wartime conditions, showing their labor achievementsin the production of food for the front and the rear, participation in actions to help military unitsand the front, evacuation of agricultural resources to the rear regions of the country, conditions ofeveryday life of rural women’s society.The scientific novelty of the research lies in the fact that the materials presented in it, in thecontext of the stated goal, complement the historiography of the national history of the period of theSecond World War in general, and the history of the Ukrainian peasantry in particular.Conclusions. Rural women played an important role in ensuring the functioning of the agrariansphere in the conditions of the defense epic on the territory of the republic in the first period ofthe German-Soviet war of 1941-1945. They successfully replaced men mobilized for the army asmechanics and in management positions in collective farms and state farms, and were the mainworkforce during the care and harvesting of the crop in 1941 and the execution of a complex ofautumn and spring field work in 1942, in the process of production of livestock products. Thanksto their hard daily work, the front and the rear received the necessary food and raw materials. Ruralwomen were massively involved in the construction of defensive lines, were active participantsin all patriotic actions to help the front. Women played an important role in moving agriculturalresources to the eastern regions of the country. In incredibly difficult material and living conditions,their everyday social function was extremely important - caring for families, caring for and raisingchildren, supporting orphans and elderly fellow villagers, the disabled and the families of fallenfront-line soldiers, preserving the age-old traditions of the Ukrainian peasantry.

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