Regulation of artificial intelligence in Ukraine in the framework of harmonisation of legislation with EU legal norms

Анотація

Due to the rapid development of artificial intelligence (AI) technologies, the massive spread of generative models such as ChatGPT, and the growing risks of their use, the issue of legislative regulation in this area has become relevant. The adoption of the Artificial Intelligence Act by the European Parliament in March 2024 marked the emergence of the world's first specialised law on the development and use of AI technologies. The purpose of the current study was to analyse the legal regulation of this field in Ukraine and the prospects for its harmonisation with European Union (EU) legislation in the framework of integration into the EU. During the study, the author used logical, comparative legal, systemic, and formal legal methods of scientific knowledge. The current state and prerequisites for legislative regulation of artificial intelligence in Ukraine and the EU were investigated. The author analyses the relationship between ethics, policy, and law in the field of AI at the national and international levels. It was found that Ukraine does not have specialised legislation on AI, however an approach is being taken to gradually implement EU regulation in this area. The article analyses the current legislation on AI regulation in Ukraine. It analyses the potential legal consequences of granting legal personality to AI, liability for its actions taken with AI, protection of data created and processed by AI, considering the General Data Protection Regulation and the possibilities of their adaptation. It also discusses aspects of extending copyright to objects created by AI, with recommendations for their legal regulation. The author summarises the key provisions of the EU Artificial Intelligence Act and assesses its potential impact on the legal framework of Ukraine. The results of this study can be used to further improve Ukraine's legislative framework in the field of AI regulation to harmonise with the approaches of the EU. It can also be used as a basis for scientific developments and practical recommendations for the settlement of legal issues related to the development and use of artificial intelligence technologies

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