Social vulnerability of the population of Ukraine: conceptual and spatial modeling

Анотація

Ensuring the social resistance of the country is a fundamental prerequisite not only for improving the quality of life of the population and its well-being but also for minimizing the social vulnerability of certain categories of the population and territories, reducing social tension, and increasing the level of satisfaction of citizens’ interests. The presence of systemic destabilizing influences on the development of socio-economic relations complicates the implementation of mechanisms and policy tools to weaken the social vulnerability of the population. The article aims to create and test a methodical approach to assessing the level of social vulnerability of the population of Ukraine (spatial approach) and identify differentiated gaps in the values of social vulnerability of the Carpathian region and other regions of Ukraine. The methodology for assessing the level of social vulnerability of the regions of Ukraine provides for the use of an innovative composition of indicators, a multiplicative form of the integrated index, and a formalized verification of the weighting coefficients of indicators. The transformational changes taking place in the economic system and social sphere of the country and its regions have led to the choice of the appropriate structure of the system of social vulnerability indicators for a territory: (1) social tension; (2) employment and labour market; (3) income and expenses of the population; (4) social infrastructure; (5) education. The results of the empirical study show that the oblasts of the Carpathian region have a much higher level of social vulnerability, which correlates with socio-economic trends in the region. Among the regions of the Carpathian region of Ukraine, Lviv region has the highest values of indicators in terms of components ‘Social tension’, ‘Employment and labor market’, ‘Education’, and Transcarpathian region – the lowest. According to the ‘Social Infrastructure’ component, Ivano-Frankivsk region is a leading region. Overcoming the identified destructive influences objectively requires the substantiation of scientific and applied provisions for the formation of an effective mechanism for strengthening the social resilience of the territory in conditions of economic turbulence.

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