Neo-Protectionism in the Sphere of Trade and Economic Cooperation: The Essence and Driving Evolutionary Factors

Анотація

The article is aimed at defining the essence and systematizing the driving factors of the evolution of neo-protectionism in the sphere of trade and economic cooperation. The analysis and systematization of approaches to the interpretation of the concept of «neo-protectionism» allowed to identify and systematize its key characteristics, which include the terminological basis, instruments, objects of influence and purpose. Based on the generalization and substantiation of the content of the key characteristics of neo-protectionism and the statement of its objective inevitable nature in the context of globalization challenges, neo-protectionism is defined as a comprehensive mechanism for stimulating economic growth and ensuring the competitiveness of the national economy in the context of globalization through the application of a set of principles, rules and methods of regulatory policy, which in the sphere of trade and economic cooperation involve the use of flexible and result-oriented instruments for defending the foreign trade. Based on the generalization of the results of research by scholars on the prerequisites for the emergence and spread of the concept of neo-protectionism in international economic relations, the driving evolutionary factors that determine its observance in the trade and economic sphere are identified and systematized. It is substantiated that the combined effect of these factors leads to the transformation of foreign-trade liberal policy into the policy of neo-protectionism and allows to consider neo-protectionism as an objective trend in the development of international trade. It is substantiated that the objectification of neo-protectionism as a modern inherent characteristic of trade and economic cooperation creates additional challenges to Ukraine’s successful integration into the global economy in the context of reorientation and reduction of foreign trade flows as a result of russia’s military aggression. In such circumstances, Ukraine’s further integration into the global and European economic space requires comprehensive assistance from the country’s trade and economic partners, including by removing trade barriers and minimizing their use of protectionist trade defense instruments to ensure free access of Ukrainian goods to their internal markets

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