BANK LENDING IN THE CONTEXT OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF UKRAINE’S ECONOMY: AN ANALYTICAL ASPECT

Анотація

Relevance. Problem statement. Post-war economic recovery in Ukraine requires the efficient coordination of resources, with regional development serving as a key driver of economic growth and innovation. In this context, bank lending plays a crucial role by providing enterprises with financial resources to restore operations and adapt to changing market conditions. Contemporary financing must integrate environmental, social, and governance (ESG) considerations. At the same time, the state of war complicates the practical implementation of these reforms, emphasizing the importance of studying the role of lending as a mechanism for promoting sustainable business practices and a resilient banking system. The purpose of this article is therefore to conduct a comprehensive analysis of the impact of bank lending on Ukraine’s economic development, and to determine prospects for improvement and increased effectiveness in ensuring economic sustainability. Objectives include researching lending operation structures during wartime, analysing “green” lending practices, and applying credit risk management methods. Methodology. The research employs institutional, functional, and reproductive approaches, classification methods, analytical and graphical techniques, as well as GAP management tools to assess financial risks and asset sensitivity to interest rate fluctuations. Results. The economic essence of bank and “green” credit has been clarified; the classification of credits based on sustainable development criteria has been refined. The state of the banking sector has been analyzed, and an analytical assessment of changes in the credit portfolio of corporate and individual businesses has been provided, with a focus on the share of non-performing loans. A comprehensive credit policy system has been proposed, taking into account the sensitivity of assets to interest rate fluctuations. Practical significance. The results can be utilized by banks to enhance sustainable financing strategies, manage credit risks, and attract private capital to low-carbon infrastructure. Future research prospects will focus on an in-depth study of the features of innovative financial mechanisms (in particular, crowdfunding platforms), monitoring the effectiveness of credit programs, and improving the reporting systems of banks and enterprises in the field of sustainable development up to 2030.

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