Modernization trends in human capital management: problematic aspects in the landscape of natural resources depletion and the need to develop a green economy sustainable prospects elements

Анотація

The research develops macro-institutional framework for human capital modernization under conditions of natural resource depletion and green economy transition. Unlike traditional approaches that rely on econometric correlations, the paper introduces a computational model based on discrete mathematics and game theory to analyze the structural allocation of green human capital. A graph-theoretical representation of national labor systems is constructed, integrating extractive, transitional, and green sectors with education and training nodes. The model is further extended using minimum-cost flow optimization and combinatorial auction mechanisms to simulate efficient allocation of green skills and labor resources. Empirical calibration is conducted using Malaysia (2022–2026) as a representative resource-dependent economy undergoing green transition. Results indicate that integrated graph–auction optimization reduces labor mismatch by approximately 29% and improves CO₂ reduction efficiency compared to baseline scenarios. The findings demonstrate that human capital functions as a renewable strategic asset that enables decoupling of economic growth from environmental degradation. The study contributes to sustainability economics by bridging human capital theory, computational optimization, and green transition governance.

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