MECHANISMS OF PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP IN FINANCING THE DEMINING OF THE TERRITORIES OF UKRAINE

Анотація

The mechanisms of public-private partnership (PPP) in financing humanitarian demining of the territories of Ukraine and their impact on ensuring population safety and post-war recovery of the state have been examined. The current state of the problem of mined areas, the scale of humanitarian and economic risks, and the necessity of attracting private investments, international assistance, and public resources for effective land clearance have been analyzed. It has been established that public-private partnership serves as an effective instrument for implementing socially significant projects, allowing the combination of financial, managerial, and technological resources of the state and the private sector. It has been revealed that international experience in applying result-based financing models, blended finance mechanisms, and social impact bonds significantly enhances the effectiveness of humanitarian demining in high-risk zones. The role of modern technologies including robotic systems, unmanned aerial vehicles, and artificial intelligence in improving the accuracy, speed, and safety of demining operations has been analyzed. The necessity of systematic training of qualified personnel capable of working in complex conditions, in compliance with international safety standards and cooperation procedures between public and private entities, has been substantiated. The legal foundations for applying public-private partnerships in Ukraine have been established, ensuring procedural transparency and enabling the involvement of private and international resources. The effectiveness of PPP models in the demining sector such as BOT (Build-Operate-Transfer), concession agreements, and outcome-based PPPs has been demonstrated, as they facilitate investment attraction, stimulate innovation, and enhance quality control. The key role of international organizations including UNMAS, GICHD, and UNDP in coordinating actions, providing technical assistance, and guaranteeing part of the financial risks has been identified. The implementation of monitoring and performance evaluation systems, including geographic information systems (GIS), big data analytics, and transparent reporting, ensures resource accountability, objective analysis, and timely identification of problem areas. The role of financial incentives including tax benefits, government guarantees, and result-oriented financing in creating conditions for active private sector participation in high-risk humanitarian demining projects has been disclosed. It has been summarized that the synergy of public, private, and international resources ensures a safe, economically efficient, and transparent process of territorial recovery, enhances the country's investment attractiveness, and contributes to the stabilization of the socio-economic situation. It has been substantiated that improving the mechanisms of public-private partnership in the field of humanitarian demining is a strategically important direction of Ukraine’s post-war recovery, aimed at strengthening territorial security, attracting investment, developing technologies, and enhancing the international image of the state as a reliable partner in security and development.

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