UNITED KINGDOM - EU: BREXIT AND ITS CONSEQUENCES

Анотація

According to Article 50 of the Lisbon Treaty on Accession to the European Union, any Member State may withdraw from the Union. Based on this rule, the Brexit process was launched in the United Kingdom. It was based on the results of a consultative referendum on June 23, 2016, when 51.9% of its participants voted to leave. On January 23, 2020, the House of Lords approved the Brexit agreement, which allowed the United Kingdom to leave the EU on January 31, 2020. On that day, the European Parliament ratified the Brexit agreement and the United Kingdom completed its membership in the EU. Brexit has become a very serious test for the United Kingdom and the EU. The biggest threat to the EU is that Brexit could provoke similar disintegration processes in other European countries. The agreement on Britain's withdrawal from the EU provides for a transition period, from 31 January 2020 to 31 December 2021. During the transition period, EU law will apply, but there will be some exceptions: the UK will not participate in EU decision-making and will not be able to vote on elections to the European Parliament. During the transition period, it will remain part of the customs union and the EU single market, comply with trade policy conditions and comply with EU customs tariffs. The draft political declaration, signed by the EU and the United Kingdom together with the Brexit agreement, provides for the preservation of the partnership of the parties on the basis of common values after the withdrawal of the United Kingdom from the EU. At the same time, British sovereignty and the protection of the United Kingdom's internal market, an independent trade policy and the cessation of free movement of people between the EU and the United Kingdom must be ensured. Their future cooperation and role in European and world international processes will depend on the establishment of cooperation between the United Kingdom and the EU during the transition period.

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