FINANCIAL AND INVESTMENT MECHANISMS OF ENTERPRISE FUNCTIONING AND WAYS OF THEIR IMPROVEMENT

Анотація

The article defines the role of air transport and airports as an integral part of the world transport system. Features that provide competitive advantages of air over other types of transport are highlighted. A macroeconomic assessment of airport finances was carried out based on the statistics of auxiliary air transport services during 2013–2021. It has been established that the value of non-current and current assets of airports has increased, and at the highest rates – for small enterprises. Statistically, it is shown that the main part of non-current and current assets falls on large enterprises, a smaller part – on medium ones, and a very small part – on small and micro enterprises. Similar trends also apply to the dynamics and structure of equity capital. Its dynamics is described by a linear trend with a high multiple coefficient of determination. It has been proven that the airports of Ukraine have sufficient stability, since the specific weight of own capital is high enough, they have a positive amount of own working capital, with the exception of 2019–2020. It is argued that during the years 2013–2021, the financial condition of the airports was sufficiently strong, in the emergency conditions of the martial law, its deterioration should be expected. The characteristics of the State target program for the development of airports for the period up to 2023 are provided, in the implementation of which 18 airports are involved, investment objects are determined for each of them. The forecast of the expected results of the implementation of the Program was carried out: technical (quantitative – increasing the carrying capacity of airports, and qualitative – bringing their operational level in line with international standards), economic (increasing the total passenger flow and cargo turnover, increasing the transit potential of Boryspil Airport and turning it into an international transport hub, activating the public-private partnership for investment and operation of airports, developing regional airports and increasing the market share of air carriers operating under the "low-cost" model cost"), social (preserving existing and creating additional jobs at aviation infrastructure entities in the regions).

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