GLOBAL PROBLEMS OF RURAL DEVELOPMENT: GENDER ASPECT

Анотація

The article generalizes theoretical approaches to understanding the relationship between globalization processes and rural development trends. It is grounded that globalization causes increasing world attention to the rural development problems and welfare of rural population. The aim of the study is systematization and identification the global rural development problems in economy and society, argumentation the directions of their solution, taking into account gender differentiation. It is underlined that hunger and food security and poverty are the key socio-economic problems of both global economy and rural areas development in particular. It is found that, in the light of established tendencies to reducing the number of hungry people in the world over the past decades, the problem of hunger was sharped in 2016-2017 years. The analysis of global and regional data led to the conclusion about feminization the problems of poverty and hunger, illiteracy and limited access to education. The article emphasizes that gender inequality has got heterogeneous character in different world countries and depends on the features of social roles division, labor segregation, economic and political empowerment, parameters of human and social capital, etc. At the same time, the research substantiates gender differentiation of the analyzed problems. This proves the need to develop gender sensitive strategies and programs for stimulating rural development, to implement priorities of sustainability concerning global efforts in increasing the efficiency of natural resources and human potential of rural areas usage. Prospects for further research in the chosen direction are associated with global priorities of economic and social development of rural areas.

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