The interplay of migration and demographic shifts: Navigating modern challenges in Ukraine’s socioeconomic landscape

Анотація

Large-scale migration triggered by the full-scale war in Ukraine has intensified existing demographic challenges, including depopulation, population aging, and labor force restructuring, thereby creating complex socioeconomic consequences for both the country of origin and host societies. In this context, the aim of the study is to systematize contemporary scientific approaches to the interaction between migration processes and demographic transformations related to Ukraine and to identify the dominant analytical models and research gaps in the international literature. This study employs a systematic literature review following the PRISMA 2020 guidelines. The search was conducted in the Scopus and Web of Science Core Collection databases using standardized Boolean queries applied to the title, abstract, and keywords fields. The review covered peer-reviewed English-language journal articles published between 2019 and 2025. After the removal of duplicates and multistage screening of titles, abstracts, and full texts, the final analytical corpus consisted of 52 scientific publications addressing migration–demography interactions in Ukraine and in European host countries. The analysis identified four dominant analytical models used in contemporary research: structural models explaining migration through macroeconomic and demographic variables; shock-based approaches analyzing the impact of crises and war-induced displacement; institutional-resilience models focusing on socioeconomic system stability; and regional-spatial models emphasizing the territorial differentiation of demographic change. The synthesis of the corpus demonstrates that migration-induced demographic transformations produce interconnected socioeconomic effects, including labor market restructuring, redistribution of human capital, increased pressure on health and social protection systems, and widening regional disparities in demographic potential. Moreover, the review reveals significant geographical, methodological, and conceptual gaps in the literature. Existing studies remain largely fragmented and often analyze individual dimensions of migration–demography interactions without integrating demographic sustainability, economic adaptation, and institutional resilience into a unified analytical framework. These findings highlight the need for interdisciplinary and longitudinal approaches capable of explaining the long-term socioeconomic implications of migration-induced demographic change in Ukraine and comparable regional contexts.

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