Increasing the level of digital skills of the EU population to promote the development of the digital economy

Анотація

It has been determined that the development of the digital economy (DE) is a strategic task for EU policy. One of the defining prerequisites for ensuring digital transformations is an adequate level of digital skills (DS) among the population, including ICT specialists. Raising the level of DS in the EU population as a socio-economic task can be considered an international policy of particular importance for Ukraine. Various aspects of the significance of the population’s DS as a factor in the development of the DE have been substantiated. The main measures implemented by the EU, including the European Commission, to raise the level of DS have been identified, covering horizontal and sectoral strategies. The connection with the EU’s Green Deal, social, and regional policies has been noted. The mechanisms for financing measures in the field of DS have been determined. An assessment of DS indicators in the EU has been carried out in the following directions: parameters reflecting the level of DS of the population as a whole; parameters reflecting the DS of employed persons; digital education indicators. Statistical evidence confirms the overall increase in the level of DS of the population and ICT specialists across the EU. EU initiatives to improve the DS of the working population have been summarized. Differences between “old” and “new” EU member states in the field of DS have been analyzed separately using the Gini index. This showed that the most significant indicators for differentiating “old” and “new” member states are “ICT specialists” and “ICT graduates.” The importance of ICT education concerning ICT specialists and the improvement of the population’s DS has been substantiated. EU measures to develop ICT education have been summarized. The demand for ICT education and a steady positive trend in the number of employed persons with ICT education have been confirmed. Several provisions regarding the features of DE development in the EU, including international cooperation and structures, supranational policy, and integration, have been formulated. Keywords: digital economy, European Union, Digital Decade policy, digital skills of the population, digital skills of employed persons, indicators, digital education.

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