THE RIGHT-BANK UKRAINE INDUSTRIAL PRODUCTION AND INTRA-REGIONAL SPECIALIZATION IN THE MID-19TH CENTURY

Анотація

The proposed section of the collective monograph is devoted to the industrial development analysis of the Right-Bank Ukraine three provinces’ (Kyiv, Podillia, Volyn) with a total area of 154643 sq. km and a population of 4683860 in the mid-1840s. That was the time when the first clear signs of commodity industrial production appeared in a large number of local landowners’ estates, took place the spread of manufacturing, focused mainly on local raw materials and the local market. It was in the mid-1840s that not only descriptive but also statistical sources of historical and economic orientation became widespread, which is greatly expanding the researcher’s ability to create reconstructive models of ancient times economic processes. The purpose of our study is to identify the nature and degree of industrial specialization of the Right-Bank Ukraine’ 36 districts in various industries, marketability of production through its volume, fixed in monetary terms. The research methodology is determined by the features of the information base, which combines descriptive and statistical sources. Accordingly, first we give a general description of the local industry, its raw material base, organization and technology, the approximate range of consumers. In the second stage, based on the statistical data presented in the relevant tables, we use multidimensional statistical cluster analysis to make a meaningful classification of 36 districts by the nature and direction of their industrial specialization. As a result, we obtain a model which elements are grouped by common qualitative characteristics, the distance (degree of similarity or difference) between objects and groups can be measured by multidimensional scaling (in our case – the distance in Euclidean space). Macrogroup A from 7 districts of the northern part of the region with a population nearby 799600 was received 85,8% of industrial revenues from the processing of livestock products. Macrogroup E united 14 districts, mainly in the southern zone of the Dnieper Right-Bank, with a population of 1616370. It was characterized by in-depth specialization in the plant origin products processing, from which 96,7% of industrial profits were received. Macrogroup C represented by one district of Kyiv with the central regional city and a total population of 176280. Only here 76,5% of industrial profits came from the processing raw materials of mineral origin. Macrogroup D includes 8 districts in the south of the Right Bank with a population of 1090600 people and natural conditions equally suitable for crop and livestock production. Hence the balance of the processing industry and revenues from it – 48,5% of processing of crop products and 44,5% of processing of livestock products. Macrogroup B included 6 districts with a population of 816350, whose farms did not have a narrow production specialization: 26,1% of industrial profits came from processing of plant products, 33,6% from processing of livestock products, 40,3% of industrial profits from processing of minerals. The practical significance of our study is that the results obtained can be used in the construction of broader paleoeconomic reconstructions, in the educational process, in writing scientific articles and monographs. The originality and scientific novelty of the work lies in the formulation of the problem, the methodology used, the results obtained. Such a study for the Right-Bank Ukraine region of the mid-1840s is conducted for the first time.

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