Theoretical and methodological foundations of managing innovation activity at industrial enterprises

Анотація

This article is devoted to deepening the theoretical and methodological foundations of innovation activity management at machine-building enterprises under conditions of digital transformation, wartime economic instability, and structural constraints on industrial development. The current state of innovation activity at Ukraine’s industrial and machine-building enterprises is analysed, and a persistent tendency towards a narrowing of innovation potential is identified, as reflected in declining innovation expenditure, a low share of research expenditure in GDP, and an insufficient level of commercialisation of innovative products. It is substantiated that the innovation activity of a machine-building enterprise should be regarded not as a set of separate scientific and technical measures, but as a system-forming factor of long-term competitiveness encompassing technical and technological, organisational and managerial, human-resource, digital, and market components of development. The principles, functions, and structural elements of the innovation activity management system are generalised, and a comparative analysis of the systemic, process-based, functional, project-based, and resource-based approaches to its organisation is carried out. It is proved that none of these approaches, taken separately, ensures the necessary flexibility, coherence, and adaptability for machine-building enterprises under current conditions. In this regard, an integrated approach to innovation activity management is proposed, combining network-based innovation interaction, digitalisation of the innovation cycle, flexible portfolio structuring of projects, knowledge and competence management, and adaptive strategic regulation. It is determined that the practical value of this approach lies in improving the manageability of the innovation process, reducing the time required for the development and implementation of new solutions, strengthening enterprise resilience to external shocks, and expanding opportunities for cooperation with the scientific, engineering, and production environment. It is concluded that the transition to an integrated model of innovation activity management is a prerequisite for technological renewal and the reproduction of competitive advantages at Ukraine’s machine-building enterprises.

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