The Strategic Planning Model as a Theoretical and Methodological Basis for the Strategy-Making Process

Анотація

The aim of the article is to explore models of strategic planning and to develop an improved version that aligns with the current stage of development in strategic planning theory and the requirements of practical management. The article examines and systematizes various perspectives on modeling the strategic planning process. It is defined that, depending on the managerial approach to implementing strategic planning, three types of strategic planning models can be distinguished: formalized models, characterized by strict regulation and a sequence of actions aimed at strategy formation and implementation; principle-based planning models, used in highly dynamic environments and when enterprises have limited analytical and forecasting capabilities; situational planning models (emergent models), which involve adapting to changes in real time under the influence of external environmental factors. An analysis of various types of formalized models has been conducted, identifying their common features and differences. An original model of strategic planning has been proposed, which envisages the sequential implementation of the following interconnected stages: strategic analysis of the external environment and the internal potential of the enterprise, providing an understanding of external challenges and risks, as well as the problems and competitive advantages of the enterprise; determination of higher-order strategic orientations: mission, values, and vision – serving as main guidelines for the subsequent strategic choice; formation of a system of primary strategic objectives; substantiation of the enterprise’s corporate strategy; development of a system of corporate strategic objectives; formulation of the enterprise’s strategic portfolio: a system of business and functional strategies; creation of a strategy map and key performance indicators; formation of a portfolio of strategic projects taking into account their compliance with the principles of sustainable development, as well as the criteria of economic efficiency; preparation and approval of the enterprise’s strategic plan. The proposed strategic planning model sequentially and in detail characterizes the entire complex process and its main results, and will provide a comprehensive approach to the formation of the enterprise’s strategic plan.

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