Conceptual and categorical apparatus and evolution of state policy for the development of depressed territories in the military and post-war period of Ukraine

Анотація

The relevance of the study is determined by the radical change in the development environment of Ukrainian territories, where classical economic problems have faded into the background due to massive military destruction, critical loss of human capital, and infrastructure. The traditional domestic model of compensating for economic lag through financial subsidies has proven incapable of responding to modern exogenous military shocks. In this regard, the purpose of the study is to conceptually differentiate the concepts of regional development and depressed territories, as well as to develop macroeconomic forecasts and a set of strategic measures for the spatial recovery of Ukraine up to 2030, with mandatory consideration of security challenges and European integration. Based on the results of the study, the evolution of state policy from the passive expectation of state aid to modern predictable crisis management is analyzed. Scientific approaches are systematized, and the dialectical contradiction between the gradual development of a region as an evolutionary norm and its depressive crisis state, which requires urgent external intervention, is highlighted. It is proven that the nature of regional decline has changed from classical structural-economic to military-destructive. Based on the analysis of legislative changes, the necessity of a transition from the outdated status of a «depressed territory» to a fundamentally new category of a «recovery territory» is substantiated. A set of strategic macroeconomic development measures up to 2030 has been formed, with the security and infrastructure cluster (humanitarian demining and major logistics reconstruction) defined as the fundamental basis. The study proves the lack of alternatives to abandoning the linear reconstruction of Soviet industrial models in favor of European environmental standards «EU Green Deal», attracting new investment «Ukraine Facility», and the total digitalization of management processes, exemplified by the «DREAM» public investment management system. The theoretical novelty lies in the conceptual disclosure of the fundamental contradiction between the spatial development paradigm and the crisis state of territories, as well as in the scientific substantiation of the change in the nature of their decline under the impact of the war. The practical value is expressed in the development of a clear hierarchy of managerial actions and forecasts. The practical application of these results will allow authorities to formulate an effective hybrid policy, effectively prevent the transformation of affected lands into chronically unviable «grey zones» and guarantee their institutional reintegration into the space of sustainable European growth.

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