MICROECONOMIC AND POLITICAL ECONOMY ANALYSIS OF THE IMPACT OF LABOUR MIGRATION ON HOUSEHOLD CONSUMER BEHAVIOUR AND ENTERPRISE ADAPTIVE STRATEGIES

Анотація

The article provides a microeconomic and political economy analysis of the impact of labour migration on household consumer behaviour and the adaptive strategies of enterprises. The mechanism of transforming the consumer behaviour of recipient households under the influence of remittances is investigated within the context of consumer choice theory and the concept of value-added distribution. The global dynamics of international labour migration and the volume of remittance inflows for the period 2018–2024 are analysed. The microeconomic mechanisms of the impact of remittances on the household’s budget constraint, its system of consumer preferences, and expenditure structure are revealed through the prism of the Hicksian income effect, the relative income theory, and Friedman’s permanent income hypothesis. The remittance paradox is identified, demonstrating that despite the growth of remittance flows, approximately 75% of funds are directed towards current consumption rather than investment, thereby reducing the domestic multiplier effect. The adaptive strategies of enterprises under conditions of labour shortages are systematised, ranging from raising wages to substituting labour with capital and the digitalisation of production. The contradictions of interests among the subjects of labour migration are considered from the perspective of political economy. Successful international institutional mechanisms for channelling migration transfers into the productive sector (matching grants, diaspora bonds, remittance-backed credit) are systematised. It is established that an effective state policy regarding remittances should be based on microeconomic incentives rather than directive restrictions.

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