ПІДХОДИ ДО ІДЕНТИФІКАЦІЇ ФОРМ ЕКОНОМІЧНОЇ ЕКСПАНСІЇ КНР В УМОВАХ ТРАНСНАЦІОНАЛІЗАЦІЇ СВІТОВОЇ ЕКОНОМІКИ : THE COMMERCIAL EXPANSION CASE

Анотація

The analysis of commercial expansion is performed in the two perspectives. The first, microeconomic, perspective investigating the process of transforming common domestic actors into international ones, with identifying key motives and stimuli pushing companies to take rather high economic and production risks for the sake of a higher profit rate. The second, macroeconomic, perspective is export-oriented economic strategies of countries that are main generators of commercial expansionism, and the declared liberalism of international economic relations, fostering the favorable background for this kind of expansion. The commercial expansion is closely linked to international manufacturing organized and controlled by multinational corporations (MNC), and international distribution through the ramified network of MNC offices and regional intermediaries, which, apart from organization of sales, are often involved in promotion and lobbying at local level. The commercial expansion constitutes an explicit layer of international commercialization implemented through equity ownership or contract (non-equity) mechanisms. At the level of the so called explicit commercial expansion, the expansion drivers are business entities seeking to survive in the competitive environment and achieve their financial and marketing objectives by expanding the operation area. MNEs have been analyzed as a separate segment in the international relations system, given the essential impact and the increasing role of this category of corporations in integration and regional cooperation processes, but even they cannot be seen as totally isolated from the domestic economy in which they origin. The analysis has been focused on the second level, with outlining the main features of the existing global centers of commercial expansion and identifying specific instruments of such expansion, to promote one’s strategic interests. We characterized and compared the China and Germany models of commercial expansion, and revealed the set of factors, which promoted the commercial expansion of China and Germany.

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