THE LABOR MARKET IN UKRAINE DURING THE MARTIAL LAW AND DIRECTIONS OF ITS DEVELOPMENT IN THE POST-WAR PERIOD

Анотація

The article examines the problems of the labor market in Ukraine during the martial law and the prospects for its development in the post-war period. It is indicated that the biggest crisis in the labor market of Ukraine was caused by the open military attack of the russian federation on the Ukrainian state on February 24, 2022. It is noted that in the fall of 2022, the labor market was characterized by the fact that an average of 80 to 150 applicants applied for one vacancy. It has been investigated that the situation in the field of the employment and income of the economically active population has become difficult in connection with internal migration and due to the limitation of the employment opportunities. It was emphasized that in general the labor market is trying to adapt to the realities of wartime. It has been established that in connection with the difficult situation that has developed in the employment sphere of Ukraine and the significant outflow of the able-bodied population from the labor market, in particular to the ranks of the Armed Forces of Ukraine, the Territorial Defense Forces, and volunteer organizations, the need for the most rational use of the workforce and ensuring a favorable level of adaptability of the working population to changes in the labor market, and this requires balanced state decisions. It has been established that due to the difficult socio-economic situation in the country, conscription into the ranks of the Armed Forces of Ukraine, the outflow of the able-bodied population from the labor market is increasing, which requires a change in state policy for the rational use of labor force. It is emphasized that the competition on the labor market has increased sharply due to the limitation of the number of vacancies. It is argued that the reduction in the job offers encourages people to actively look for work. It is emphasized that one of the most important trends in the labor market has become work with remote access. It is noted that modern business strives to return to the de-occupied territories as soon as possible, adjust its work and provide the population with jobs. It is indicated that today there is an urgent need to support the mental health of the population and psychological rehabilitation of Ukrainians in connection with the war, work with posttraumatic syndrome, which will lead to the creation of a large number of social jobs. It was emphasized that the citizens of Ukraine do not lose their optimism about the rapid passing of the crisis in the Ukrainian economy and about the prospects for the recovery of the economy in the post-war period, in particular, the stabilization of the situation on the labor market. It is noted that most Ukrainians in the post-war period aim to open their own business, which will provide an opportunity to get a permanent job and cause personal professional development and stable income. Programs for stabilization of the labor market in Ukraine in the post-war period are outlined. The logical-structural model of the state regulation of the labor market is given. It was concluded that the process of the post-war economic reconstruction will cause changes in regional specialization and structural transformation of the domestic economy, which will lead to increased labor mobility.

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