Evaluation of the effect of industrial enterprises on the environment and efficiency evaluation of environmental protection on the example of «Tochpribor» LLC (Kharkiv, Ukraine)

Анотація

Issues of the impact of environmental pollution on living organisms and the human body in particular are still largely open and require further study. Therefore, the object of research is the impact of industrial enterprises on the environment. The paper assesses the impact of industrial enterprises on the environment and the effectiveness of environmental measures on the example of «Tochprylad» LLC (Kharkiv, Ukraine). The assessment will provide an opportunity to calculate the resulting economic effect from these activities in the studied enterprise. After analyzing the data on emissions provided by «Tochprylad» LLC, it is determined that the maximum surface concentrations of pollutants emitted into the atmosphere by the enterprise’s sources are small compared with the maximum permissible concentrations (MPC). Therefore, measures to reduce emissions to the standard level are not provided. Extreme exposure through increased pollution of urban runoff is possible if there is a disruption in the operation of sewage treatment plants; therefore, it is necessary to periodically control the inflow of sewage to treatment and the operation of treatment facilities. Currently, the level of contamination of soil and plants with heavy metals contained in industrial emissions of «Tochprylad» LLC as a whole does not exceed the maximum permissible values. Considering the non-agricultural nature of the use of the land of the sanitary protection zone of the plant, a re-examination of the soil for pollution, according to expert judgment with the existing production technology, is recommended not earlier than 15–20 years later. In order to reduce the anthropogenic impact of emissions on the environment, it is necessary to improve the production technology and the system of gas and dust emissions at «Tochprylad» LLC. In the study of «Tochprylad» LLC it is found that in wastewater there is an excess of toluene, chloride and iron. Therefore, additional wastewater treatment is proposed. The economic effect of the proposed additional wastewater treatment is 5398.32 USD/year.

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