COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF LABOR MARKET TRANSFORMATION IN UKRAINE AND THE USA UNDER CONDITION OF BALANCED REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT

Анотація

The article highlights the issue of readiness of workforce in Ukraine and the USA for permanent and rapid transformation of the labor market, taking into account the need to ensure balanced regional development. Although the issue is considered to be relevant both for developing economies and developed ones, it is not yet known whether workforce of both kinds of economies is equally prepared for the changes occurring. At the same time, one of the main sources of balanced regional development is the attractiveness of the region for residents and the level of development of the regional labor market. Methodology. In order to undertake comprehensive comparative research, the authors conducted the survey among different categories of Ukrainians and Americans according to their gender, age, profession type, size of their settlements. In total, more than two hundred respondents participated in the survey, more than one hundred from each country. Results. The authors found that Ukrainians, in comparison with Americans, are better prepared for the changes in the labor market that occur as a result of the replacement of human labor by machine, the change in the structure of the world and national economies and other factors. At the same time, citizens aged 25-40 are most prepared for transformation in both countries. Originality. The authors calculated the Adaptation Index, which reflects the level of readiness for transformation of the labor market and the higher the index, the greater the level of ability to adapt. The index ranges from 0 to 10 and takes into account the answers to the questions about the degree of creativity in the work, the quality of education, the importance of education to get the desired job, the impact of computerization, the importance of gaining additional skills and knowledge, the prospects of remote work. Practical value. Because understanding the trends emerging in the national or even global economy make it possible to anticipate changes at regional and sectoral levels, the article provides an analysis of respondents' views on labor market transformation over the next 10 years.

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