FDI REGULATION IN THE NATIONAL SECURITY CONTEXT: INTERNATIONAL EXPERIENCE AND CONCLUSIONS FOR UKRAINE

Анотація

The article examines the current trends of international foreign direct investment (FDI) flows, in particular, the factors influencing their "functioning" in the world have been determined. The results of the analysis have made it possible to conclude that the FDI flows` downward trends are related to a number of exogenous factors. The main interests of foreign investors and their "conflict" with the economic interests of the recipient country have been identified. Due to the increased role of TNCs (major FDI exporters) and their impact on the host economy, the FDI specifics from the protecting national economic interests (NEIs) point of view in the countries of the world have been identified. World economic practice proves that investor activity is not limited to positive influence and can slow down economic growth or encroach on economic sovereignty. It is proved that ensuring national security in conditions of openness to FDI can occur under two scenarios: (1) the system must be built in the context of FDI positive result maximization and negative effects minimization/prevention; (2) the introduction of a "defensive position" concerning FDI is negative for the host economy, as such investments bring new knowledge, technologies, methods of business process organization and contribute to the qualitative change of industrial and human capital. Based on the analysis of investment policy current trends in the world and the need to realize NEI, steps of FDI flow regulation in Ukraine have been proposed. For Ukraine, attracting FDI remains one of the main priorities of NEI's and the objective of the investment policy. At the same time, a system of preventive measures regarding FDI destructive effects while simultaneously observing NEI has been proposed.

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