Economic and ecological imperatives of innovative transformation of rural areas (using the example of the Transcarpathian region)

Анотація

The purpose of the study is to substantiate the economic and environmental priorities for improving the innovative development of rural areas using the example of the Transcarpathian region, which is characterized by unique natural resource potential and specific economic conditions. The work uses a comprehensive analysis of the relationship between economic and environmental factors, which simultaneously act as drivers and constraints of territorial transformation. The methodology is based on a project approach, risk identification, and adaptation of European sustainable development standards to local conditions. The theoretical basis of the study consists of the principles of the European Green Deal and the EU Common Agricultural Policy. It was established that for the mountainous and foothill areas of Transcarpathia, a combination of high environmental value of forest and water resources with vulnerability to degradation processes is characteristic. It has been proven that the limitations of traditional industrial models in the region create a window of opportunity for niche agro-innovations, particularly organic farming, green tourism, and bioenergy. Critical risks such as soil degradation, low economic diversification, and demographic decline were identified, requiring the introduction of precision farming and modernization of environmental infrastructure. The stages of cross-border cooperation with Poland, Slovakia, Hungary, and Romania to form joint clusters and attract green financing are outlined. The scientific novelty lies in the development of an integrated approach to managing the innovative development of territorial communities that includes environmental criteria in budgeting and strategic planning processes. The practical significance of the research results lies in the possibility of implementing local environmental-innovative programs that will enable communities to transform environmental constraints into incentives for attracting investment and sustainable growth. Keywords: rural areas, innovative development, economic and environmental priorities, Transcarpathian region, sustainable development, organic production, cross-border cooperation, environmental infrastructure, risk management, European integration.

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