ECONOMIC DYNAMICS OF UKRAINE IN THE CONDITIONS OF WAR AND GLOBAL CHALLENGES

Анотація

The article examines the current trends in the development of the economy of Ukraine in the conditions of a full-scale war and identifies the key factors of its recovery. The impact of military actions on the macroeconomic stability of the state, the structure of production, foreign economic activity and the functioning of the main sectors of the economy is analyzed. It is noted that since 2014, the economic system of Ukraine has been operating in conditions of hybrid war, and the fullscale invasion of 2022 became an unprecedented challenge that caused large-scale destruction of infrastructure, disruption of logistical connections, a decrease in production capacities and significant socio-economic losses. Based on statistical data, the dynamics of the gross domestic product of Ukraine in 2023–2025 are analyzed and the main sources of economic recovery are identified. It is shown that the positive dynamics of economic growth is largely ensured by international financial support, state programs for economic recovery, stabilization policies of financial institutions and adaptation capabilities of Ukrainian business. Particular attention is paid to the analysis of Ukraine's foreign economic activity, in particular the dynamics of trade, exports and imports. It is established that the growth of imports and the reduction of exports have led to the formation of a negative balance of foreign trade, which requires strengthening export potential and diversification of foreign markets. The key factors of economic growth of Ukraine are identified, among which consumer demand of the population, investments in the reconstruction of infrastructure and production capacities, as well as the restoration of external demand occupy an important place. It is concluded that the further development of the Ukrainian economy will depend on the effectiveness of the state's economic policy, the scale of international support and the formation of a new model of economic partnerships in the post-war period.

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