Prevalence of antimicrobial resistance in Salmonella spp. strains isolated from human in Kharkiv Region, Ukraine

Анотація

Purpose: To investigate the prevalence of antibiotic resistance in Salmonella strains isolated in epidemic foci of human Salmonella disease in Kharkiv region, Eastern Ukraine and to assess the changes in the antibiotic resistance rate in 2013-2016. Methods & Materials: The samples were collected in foci of human Salmonellosis cases during 2014-2016. 3370 Salmonella strains were isolated according to The Clinical & Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) guidelines. Levels of antibiotic resistance were tested by agar disk diffusion method with 15 antimicrobial agents in 1570 Salmonella strains. The data was analyzed statistically using Microsoft Excel - 2016. Results: We found an increase in the antibiotic resistance of Salmonella isolates, from 16,7% in 2014 to 91,1% in 2016. We observed resistance only to gentamicin in 2014, to ampicillin, doxycycline and gentamicin in 2015, to ampicillin, doxycycline, gentamicin, co-trimoxazole and tetracycline in 2016. Ampicillin resistance increased from 0% in 2014 to 42,1% in 2015 and 57,1% in 2016. Resistance to doxycycline varied from 0% in 2014 to 16,8% in 2015 and 8,9% in 2016. For gentamicin proportion of resistant Salmonella strains ranged from 16,7% in 2014 to 6,3% in 2015 and 12,5% in 2016. The isolates showed sensitivity to cephalosporins and carbopenems. Co-trimoxazole resistance level was higher than tetracycline resistance level (8,9% and 3,6% respectively) in 2016. Conclusion: The resistance rate of Salmonella isolates was generally low for the most antibiotics in 2014 but prevalence of antimicrobial resistance in Salmonella strains was increasing. We observed the highest level of resistance for ampicillin and noted the widening of the spectrum of antibiotics to which resistance of Salmonella strains was developed. Because resistant Salmonella strains cause more severe cases of disease and increase the risk of death it is very important to monitor the resistance development in Salmonella strains. The results of this study show the value of surveillance of the antibiotic resistance of Salmonella for the development of the regional guidelines for the selection of the rational antibacterial treatment of Salmonellosis cases in humans.

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