IMPLEMENTATION OF STATE ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY: FOREIGN EXPERIENCE FOR UKRAINE

Анотація

The academic paper has analysed the environmental policy stringency index in various countries and the dynamics of tax revenues in the field of ecology for 1990 -2019. The features of the environmental policy of Germany, Poland and Lithuania have been investigated, which have different social-economic indicators of the development and growth of green business, economic opportunities and approaches to overcoming environmental problems. It has been established that the government of Lithuania is pursuing a policy aimed at stimulating the introduction of eco-technologies in the field of renewable energy. Germany provides a higher level of financing compared to Lithuania and Poland, the lowest level of tax revenue related to the environment, however, a higher level of tax revenue related to road transportation. It has been determined that Poland's environmental policy is connected with a high level of environmental taxes, the highest prices for gasoline, diesel fuel, the lack of a green tariff as an incentive for the development of renewable energy sources. Based on the analysis conducted, the author of the academic paper has identified the successful practical cases for Ukraine as follows: the introduction of a green tariff; strategic environmental assessment and monitoring of environmental risks as effective tools that have proven their effectiveness in practice; management of environmental consequences and, on the basis outlined, more stringent requirements and sanctions for ecologically unsafe enterprises operating in the country; development of renewable energy sources and eco-technologies; financing of investigations and developments in the sphere of ecology from the state and local budgets; a systematic approach to solving environmental problems with the involvement of key stakeholders; responsibility of authorities working in the sphere of ecology.

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