METHODOLOGICAL APPROACHES TO THE ORGANIZATION OF INNOVATIVE ACTIVITIES IN AGRICULTURE: FOREIGN AND DOMESTIC PRACTICE

Анотація

Introduction. The competitiveness of agricultural micro, small and medium-sized enterprises is significantly influenced by the speed of adaptation of innovative solutions. However, innovations created by scientists using a "top-down" approach, which is typical for Ukraine as well, are mostly unified and standardized, and it is difficult to adapt them in a changing environment. The recognition of such shortcomings of innovative activity led to the need to shift the approaches of innovation policy and methodology of research activity through the introduction of the practice of interactive innovation and multilateral participation in innovative activity in economically developed countries. Therefore, the methodological approaches of the organization of domestic research activities must also be reviewed. Methods. When preparing the research results, the following research methods were used: synthesis and comparative analysis – to study aspects of the organization of traditional and civic types of science, abstract-logical – to determine the essence of the conceptual and organizational foundations of joint applied research, monographic – to systematize signs by descending and ascending approaches to the organization of research activities. Results. The conceptual principles of domestic innovation policy in the traditional (top-down) type of research activity and the civic (bottom-up) type, which is actively implemented in foreign practice, are systematized. The peculiarities of the methodology of research activities managed by scientific personnel and managed by users of innovations are analyzed. The possibility of introducing the practice of joint applied research in the agricultural sector in Ukraine based on the approach "development of technologies for participation" is substantiated, taking into account the aspects of costs, motivation and accountability. Discussion. The following studies are expected to focus on the definition of effective tools (material and non-material) for stimulating creative activity within the framework of the system of agricultural knowledge and innovations, mechanisms for co-financing, distribution of intellectual property rights, organization of monitoring and evaluation of joint applied research, effective in Ukrainian realities Keywords: entrepreneurship, innovation management, technological innovation, agricultural research, farmer education.

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