Science parks: regulatory and legal support, and regulation of activities in the conditions of war and post-war development

Анотація

The criticality of the situation caused by the Russian-Ukrainian war poses a challenge to Ukraine in the context of overcoming its consequences, to justify a system of innovative measures. As a component of their development of the state policy of post-war recovery, it is legitimate to single out the development of an innovative scientific and technical policy, which would provide for the creation and regulation of the activities of science parks. This problem has been relevant for Ukraine for a long time; however, the war in this regard also poses both new challenges and creates certain opportunities. The starting point for its solution is the adoption of a new version of the Law of Ukraine No. 1563-VI «On Science Parks». The purpose of the study is to present in historical retrospect the world experience in ensuring the activities of scientific institutions during the implementation of post-war development policies, as well as, in a more general context, the European integration course, and to identify the principal directions for improving this Law in order to elaborate specific proposals to the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine on this basis. The article scientific novelty consists of several aspects. A new paradigm of the Law is put forward, which is proposed to be defined as follows (with the above formulation as its preamble): «The Law regulates legal, economic, organizational, managerial and property relations linked with the creation, functioning and state regulation of science parks and is aimed at ensuring the post-war recovery of Ukraine in terms of stimulating the introduction of an innovative model of national economic development based on the mobilization of domestic reserves and involving assistance from the international community». It is proposed to expand the composition of potential founders of science parks (with proof of proposals of institutional content) and to introduce the practice of involving local authorities in the creation of parks and regulation of their activities. A proposal has been put forward regarding the need to distinguish sectoral priorities when establishing science parks (with the indication of such priorities). The necessity of applying a system of regulatory policy regimes to ensure the efficient functioning of parks has been proved.

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